The patient had no significant medical illness, including diabetes, hypertension, varicose veins, heart disease, nor was he taking any medication. In addition, there was no history of difficulty in speech, double vision, loss of consciousness, hearing of voices, migraine, abnormal taste, or smell. In the hospital, he was unable to recall the sequence of events that happened on the same day and kept asking, “What has happened? Why I have been brought to the hospital?” Information obtained from the patient’s family members indicated that he had no history of similar episode, seizure disorder, fever, vomiting, neck stiffness, giddiness, weakness, numbness, or abnormal sensation in any part of the body. When asked to whom it was he was talking, he was unable to reply satisfactorily. A history revealed that the man had been talking to himself, saying that his son was in Chandigarh and that he had to fetch an apple box for him. He was immediately brought to the emergency department by his colleagues for a medical opinion. and was found to be confused, asking strange questions and responding inappropriately. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 64:435–443.A 58-year-old man arrived at his office at 9.00 a.m. Zeman AZJ, Boniface SJ, Hodges JR (1998) Transient epileptic amnesia: a description of the clinical and neuropsychological features in 10 cases and a review of the literature. Yang Y, Zhou M, Niu Y et al (2018) Epileptic seizure prediction based on permutation Entropy. Vargha-Khadem F, Gadian DG, Watkins KE et al (1997) Differential Effects of early hippocampal pathology on episodic and semantic memory. Trébuchon A, Chauvel P (2016) Electrical stimulation for seizure induction and functional mapping in Stereoelectroencephalography. Tassinari CA, Ciarmatori C, Alesi C et al (1991) Transient global amnesia as a Postictal State from recurrent partial seizures. Palmini AL, Gloor P, Jones-Gotman M (1992) Pure amnestic seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy. Mosbah A, Tramoni E, Guedj E et al (2014) Clinical, neuropsychological, and metabolic characteristics of transient epileptic amnesia syndrome. Mishkin M, Suzuki WA, Gadian DG, Vargha–Khadem F (1997) Hierarchical organization of cognitive memory. Mateos DM, Guevara Erra R, Wennberg R, Perez Velazquez JL (2018) Measures of entropy and complexity in altered states of consciousness. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 67:532–534. Manes F, Springer J, Jorge R, Robinson RG (1999) Verbal memory impairment after left insular cortex infarction. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 56:1184–1190. Kapur N (1993) Transient epileptic amnesia a clinical update and a reformulation. Jensen CD, Krøigård T, Beier CP (2020) Transient epileptic amnesia diagnosed using long-term electroencephalography. Gallassi R (2006) Epileptic amnesic syndrome: an update and further considerations. īutler CR, Bhaduri A, Acosta-Cabronero J et al (2009) Transient epileptic amnesia: regional brain atrophy and its relationship to memory deficits. īutler CR, Graham KS, Hodges JR et al (2007) The syndrome of transient epileptic amnesia. īarbeau EJ (2011) Les modèles de la mémoire: approches anatomo-fonctionnelle et représentationnelle-hiérarchique. Our case shows that long-lasting (hours) memory impairment may follow brief seizure that led to prolonged electrophysiological signals alterations in bilateral mesial temporal structures.īandt C, Pompe B (2002) Permutation entropy: a natural complexity measure for time series. This episode was associated with prolonged changes in the intracerebral EEG signal complexity (entropy) within bilateral mesial temporal structures, particularly the entorhinal cortices, with a progressive normalization paralleling the clinical recovery. We report a case of prolonged anterograde amnesia (lasting several hours) following a brief seizure induced by stimulation of the left entorhinal cortex, recorded during stereo-EEG (SEEG). The mechanisms of such prolonged manifestations are not well known and notably its ictal or post-ictal origin remains poorly understood. This type of seizure can occur in patients with different forms of temporal lobe epilepsy and has been more recently associated with a late-onset epileptic syndrome, called transient epileptic amnesia (TEA). Pure amnestic seizures are defined as self-limited episodes with isolated, anterograde memory loss and have been attributed to bilateral dysfunction of mesial temporal structures.
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